Verbs, adverbs and adjectives

verbs

#kanjikun-yomion-yomi
35はい入るenter, go inにゅうがく入学enrollment
入るentering
36出るleave, get outがいしゅつがい出outing
出すto take out
37やす休すむto restきゅう休かholiday
38立つto stand upりっ立ぱsplendid
39見るto see, to watchけんぶつ見ぶつsightseeing
40きる生きるto live, to existせんせい先生teacher
まれる生まれるto be bornたんじょうたん生日birthday
なまraw, uncooked


adjectives

#kanjikun-yomion-yomi
41はや早いearly; fastそうぞう早々as soon as…
42ただしい正しいcorrectせいlogical True
まさ正にexactlyあほう生がginger
43おおきい大きいbigだいがく大学University
とな大人adultたいしかん大しかんembassy
44ちいさい小さいsmallしょうがっこう重学校Elem. school
ねこ小ねこkitty
がわ小川stream

colors

#kanjikun-yomion-yomi
45しろwhiteはくじん白人caucasian
46あかredせきじゅうじ赤十字The Red Cross
47あおblueせいねん青年young man

comments:

  • 面白い (おもしろい, interesting) comes from 面 (おも, face, mask), and 白い (しろい, white), because when we see something interesting, our faces ‘brighten’ or ‘light up’.
  • There are two versions of あお (blue). 靑 (lower portion is 円) is the official entry in the Kangxi dictionary, while 青 (lower portion is 月) is officially allowed in personal names. Both versions are used in Japan. (wikipedia)

あか (red), き (yellow), and あお (blue)

The Japanese color あお (blue) covers more colors than our blue. For example, in Japan the traffic lights are red, yellow, and either green or blue, but regardless of whether it is green or blue, Japanese refer to it as あお. The grass and the sea are also あお [Taekim]. The name for the color green is みどり, though, so a frog would be みどり, not あお, but a green traffic light would be あお, not みどり.

The ‘Rising Sun” flag

On the token of colors, in many countries we draw the sun yellow, but in Japan the sun is drawn red; the national flag symbolizes this: Japan is the country of the ‘Rising Sun’, and its flag is commonly known as the 日のまる (ひのまる), i.e., The circle of the sun.

time

#kanjikun-yomion-yomi
48ゆうeveningいっせき一夕one evening
49としyearさんねん三年three years
50さきprevious, formerせんせい先生teacher

せんせい (teacher) is written ‘先生’, meaning ‘before in life’. This is the same 先 of 先週 (せんしゅう, week before), 先月 (せんげつ, month before), and the ubiquitous 先輩 (せんぱい, someone older or with a higher rank than us) that shows up in every anime that takes place at a school.

space

#kanjikun-yomion-yomi
51うえabove, up, topじょう上手skilled
げる上げるto raise
のぼ上るto ascend/climb
52したbelow, down, bottomてつち下てつsubway
くださる下さるkindly do for me下たwooden shoe
りる下りるto descend/go down
53なかinside, center, middleちゅうがく中学middle school
うちinside, interior
54みぎrightせつ右せつright turn
ゆう左右left and right
55ひありleftゆう左右left and right

Vocabulary

These are basic words that use only kanken-10 kanjis:


kanji
入る
入る

入れる
入口

出る
出かける

出す
出きる

出口
出入り口

休む
休み

見る
見える
見せる

学生
りゅう学生
生と

大きな
小さな

おも白い
赤ちゃん

夕べ
先月

お中


kana
はいる
いる

いれる
いりぐち

でる
でかける

だす
できる

でぐち
でいりぐち

やすむ
やすみ

みる
みえる
みせる

がくせい
りゅうがくせい
せいと

おおきな
ちいさな

おもしろい
あかちゃん

ゆうべ
先月

おなか


English
to enter, to go in
entering

put in, insert
entrance (in mouth)

to leave, to exit
to go out on an excursion

to take out
to be able

exit (out mouth)
entrance and exit

to rest
rest, break, vacation

to see, to watch
to be in sight, to appear
to show, to display

student (study life)
overseas student
pupil

big, large, great
small, little, tiny

interesting (face bright)
baby (red chan)

yesterday evening
previous month

belly (respectable middle)